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What is jute?
Jute is a naturally occurring plant fiber that can be spun into strong yarn. The plants from which it is made are mainly found in the humid and warm regions of Southeast Asia, including Bangladesh and India.

Discover the “Golden Fiber” that is taking the world by storm

Have you ever come across rustic products such as canvas bags, totes, or curtains with a sparse weave and coarse texture? It is very possible that they are made from jute. But how many of us really know what jute is?

Jute is a natural fiber derived from plants. These long, soft, and shiny fibers are spun into coarse, strong yarns, then used in a variety of products. Jute is the second most produced material after cotton, and is also known as the “golden fiber” due to its color and cost-effectiveness.

What is jute made of?
what is jute made of

Jute is obtained from the plants Corchorus Olitorius and Corchorus Capsularis, native to the Indian subcontinent and cultivated throughout the year. Jute fibers are concentrated mainly near the woody, central parts of the stem, and are composed of cellulose and lignin. There are two types of jute produced today: white jute and brown jute, the latter being stronger, softer, and silkier.

Origin and history of jute
jute fabric

Historical documents dating back to the Mughal rule of India show that villagers wore jute clothes. Indians used jute to make ropes, twine, and other household items. The Chinese used jute, among other natural materials, to make paper. A small piece of jute paper with Chinese characters has been discovered in Gansu Province, northwest China, believed to have been produced during the Western Han Dynasty.

Beginning in the 17th century, the British East India Company was the leading trader in jute. In 1793, the Company exported approximately 200,000 kilograms of jute. When a shipment was sent to Dundee, Scotland, the flax spinners were eager to learn whether jute could be processed mechanically. In the 1830s, spinners in Dundee learned to spin jute thread by modifying their motorized flax machines, which led to a significant growth in the jute industry in that area.

How is jute grown?
Growing jute requires a warm, humid climate, abundant rainfall, and well-drained, clayey soils. An interesting aspect of jute cultivation is that it does not require any fertilizers or pesticides. After harvesting the stalks, they undergo a process called “reddening,” in which they are placed in slow-flowing water for 10 to 30 days. This allows bacteria to dissolve the gummy materials that bind the fibers together. The non-fibrous matter of the jute is then removed in a process called “stripping,” and the fibers are separated by beating the stalk with a paddle. The separated fibers are then washed, dried, sorted, and sent to jute mills, where they are further processed to produce jute yarn.

Uses of Jute

what is jute

From making clothes, ropes, and household items in ancient times, jute sandbags were exported from Bengal to the trenches during World War I. Later, it was also used for the fishing and weapons and construction industries.

Today, this versatile fiber is used to make household items such as rugs, bags, carpets, chair covers, etc. More diverse uses of jute include products such as espadrilles that add an element of glam to this otherwise humble fiber.

Why is jute an eco-friendly option?

Jute is considered an eco-friendly option for several reasons:

Sustainable cultivation: Jute grows naturally in tropical areas, without the need for chemical fertilizers or pesticides. This helps maintain biodiversity and reduce environmental impact.
Biodegradability: Jute products are biodegradable, meaning they break down naturally without causing environmental pollution.
Durability: Jute fibers are extremely durable, meaning that jute products have a long lifespan. This helps reduce waste.
Thermal and Sound Insulation: Jute has thermal and sound insulation properties, which can reduce the need for heating or cooling in homes.
Plastic Reduction: Using jute products replaces single-use plastic products, thus helping to reduce plastic pollution.
However, it is important to note that while jute has many environmental benefits, its processing and manufacturing can have an impact on the environment, depending on the practices used. Therefore, choosing jute products that are sustainably produced is essential to maximize the environmental benefits.

Conclusion:

Jute is a natural fiber with a rich history and a number of environmental benefits. Due to its durability, sustainable cultivation, and versatility, jute has become a popular choice for both rustic and modern household items. Understanding the origin and cultivation of jute can help us better appreciate this “golden fiber” and help us protect the environment through more sustainable choices)